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Foundations of the Market Price System eBooks, Mises Institute

“The Mystery of the Marginal Pairs” by Daniel James Sanchez

In any given market for a good, there will always be four people whose valuations put them in a special position. Böhm-Bawerk called these four people the "marginal pairs." It is these marginal pairs that directly determine prices. In this article, I will walk the reader through how this occurs.

“The Pagan View” by Henry Grady Weaver

Most human beings cling to the ancient superstition that they are not self-controlling and not responsible for their own acts.

Oh how the mighty tall have fallen. And they are still building despite falling rental rates in Dubai. Elsewhere India and China are building national record setting skyscrapers sending a crisis signal for these two “developing” giants.

ht: JP

"Will Currency Devaluation Fix the Eurozone?" by Frank Shostak

According to some experts, what is required to "fix" the eurozone is not tighter fiscal policies but a strong devaluation of the euro. Austerity, they warn, won’t let eurozone countries grow their way out of their predicament. They are wrong: a policy of currency devaluation can only make things much worse.

"Time Is Money: Capital and Interest" by Eugen-Maria Schulak and Herbert Unterköfler

Böhm-Bawerk’s work inspired a generation.

…at the Freedom Book Club.  Pick up your copy here.

And the FBC informs us:

Also, The Case Against the Fed is now a finalist for our annual literary
award, which will be announced some time in 2013.  The winner is
determined by survey responses.  Anyone can participate, and the poll for
your publication is located on our website at the following URL:
http://freedombookclub.com/c/p/12/02.html

Read all about it here.  Sign up here.

From Bretton Woods to World Inflation eBooks, Mises Institute

“The Fed’s Quasi-Fiscal Policies” by David Howden

The policies of the Federal Reserve since late 2007 are a sharp departure from the old way of performing monetary policy. Traditional monetary policy aims at low inflation and smoothed output volatility, but a new breed of monetary policies — better referred to as “quasi-fiscal” policies — has become the new norm.

“Postwar Rent Controls” by Robert L. Scheuttinger and Eamonn F. Butler

Rent-control laws cause housing shortages.

Withholding Consent

February 7, 2012 by

‎”I do not ask that you place hands upon the tyrant to topple him over, but simply that you support him no longer; then you will behold him, like a great Colossus whose pedestal has been pulled away, fall of his own weight and break in pieces.” -Étienne de La Boétie

According to Bloomberg, banks are beginning to push short sales consistently for the first time since foreclosures began to pile up back in 2008. Prices really began to fall before the financial crisis, as early as mid-2007 in some places, but banks have long placed numerous obstacles in the way of homeowners who tried to sell their homes for what they were actually worth in the marketplace. Those of us who have worked with real estate agents who do short sales have heard nothing but complaints for years about how banks will stall and prevent short sales in a variety of ways. The result is that the property then goes into foreclosure and ends up selling for far, far less as an REO property post-foreclosure.

Why would banks do this? Well, banks have for years just assumed that home prices would turn around “any day now.” Their army of PhD economists, who ran their little computer models to tell them what would happen, told them to just avoid facing the reality of home prices for just a little while longer, and then everything would be OK. After nothing but declines since 2008, some banks are coming to terms with reality.

The article mentions CoreLogic’s home price index as ongoing proof of price declines, and we could also point to Case-Shiller in which the composite index has declined year over year fro the past 14 months or so, ever since the tax credit ended. In other words, government meddling did nothing but postpone the inevitable.

The New York Times reports on vacant malls across the American landscape. Thanks to declining retailers:

The result is near-record vacancy rates at malls of all kinds, both the big enclosed ones and the sprawling strips. Sears Holdings is closing up to 120 stores, Gap Inc. 200 stores and Talbots 110. Abercrombie & Fitch closed 50 stores last year, Hot Topic, almost the same number. Chains that have filed for bankruptcy in recent years, like Blockbuster, Anchor Blue, Circuit City and Borders, have left hundreds of stores lying vacant in malls across the country.

The political side of this is that these malls were cash cows for state and local governments and now that revenue is drying up. It’s not just that people are buying less stuff, it’s also that a lot of it has moved online, so the stakes are very high for governments seeking to tax internet sales.

Meanwhile, while single-family and retail real estate remains in the dumper, multifamily loan originations spiked 64% in 2011. The multifamily industry is just making up for lost time after almost a decade of misallocation of resources toward single-family mortgages in response to Fannie, Freddie and the Fed pushing homeownership like there’s no tomorrow. Multifamily production and demand suffered from about 2003 through 2009, thanks to government and GSE edicts on mortgages.

“It’s 1980 Again” by Doug French

To ask the question if 2012 is 1980 all over again answers the question as to why returning to gold is imperative. The nightmarish economic outcomes caused by being, as Jim Grant says, on a “PhD standard” demand change, and more people realize it each and every day.

“How to Think: An Introduction to Logic” by David Gordon

My online course on logic at the Mises Academy has one main emphasis: how to analyze arguments, especially arguments about philosophy, politics, and economics. I’ve found that many, if not most, writers on these subjects fall victim to common fallacies.

New Directions in Austrian Economics eBooks, Mises Institute

Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk

Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk was an economist, lawyer, finance minister, teacher, and a founding figure of the Austrian School of economics. Born in 1851 in the city of Brno in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Böhm-Bawerk was initially trained as a lawyer at the University of Vienna. During his education, he first read Menger’s Principles of Economics and it immediately transformed him into an economist. Although he never studied economics under Menger directly, he quickly became an adherent of his work.

FULL ARTICLE by Mattheus von Guttenberg

A governmental easy-money policy has many repercussions. Currency debasement, the enabling of unnecessary wars, and increases in the size of federal power are among them. And political interference into monetary affairs always leads to economic distortions.

These distortions in turn lead to government imposition of rules, regulations, taxation, and tariffs, all of which favor a handful of powerful and influential corporations to the detriment of small- and medium-sized businesses.

And easy money leads to the impoverishment of the middle and lower classes and an increase in government dependence. How can anyone who has come to depend on his government for his livelihood feel empowered to demand that the same government allow him the freedom that he thinks he deserves?

FULL ARTICLE by Carmen Alexe

“Withholding Consent from the Khan” by Peter C. Earle

Rather than utilize the suspicious paper chits issued by the Khan’s local governor, Tabrizians either fled the city or remained and subsisted on emergency food stores, sometimes raiding the gardens of neighbors who had left. Merchants refused to transact or trade; tents in bazaars stood empty.

“Minimum-Wage Rates” by Ludwig von Mises

The market wage rate tends toward a height at which those eager to earn wages get jobs and those eager to employ workers can hire as many as they want.